- PHONETICS: Study of the physical aspects of sound.
- PHONOLOGY: Study of the sound system of a language.
- MORPHOLOGY: Study of the internal sttructure of words.
- SYNTAX: How words combine to form grammatical sentences.
- SEMANTICS: How words combine to form the meaning of sentences.
- PRAGMATICS: How utterances are used in communicative acts.
- DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: Analysis of language in texts.
