6.HUMAN LANGUAGE

A language is a system used to communicate comprised of a set of symbols and a set of rules called gramar.
We can combine these symbols to convey new information.

There is not clear distinction between a language and a dialect.

5.HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS

The Sanskrit grammarian Panini ( a classical language of India) is the earliest known linguistic and often acknowledged as the founder of linguistics.

Panini

Bhartrihari was another important author of Indic linguistic theory.

Both authors had a significant influence on the ideas proposed by Ferdinand de Saussure, professor of Sanskrit, who is widely considered the father of modern structural linguistics.

                                                            Ferdinand de Saussure


Jakob Grimm  devised the principle of consonantal shifts in pronunciation in 1822 (Grimm´s Law).

Karl Verner: He is remembered today for Verner's law, which he discovered in 1875.

Noam Chomsky: His main idea is that humans are born with a builtin" UG. That is the reason why children learn without being taught. Therefore, speaking is a human trait.

                                         
Chomsky´s model has been by far the most influential since the 1960s.